International Journal of Teaching and Learning
type: channel
description: International Journal of Teaching and Learning (INJOTEL) publishes articles on education and learning in general. Contains articles / research results written by experts, scientists, practitioners, and reviewers in the field of education and learning. Some of International Journal of Teaching and Learning (INJOTEL): Education and learning theory and foundation, Education and learning philosophy, Education and learning technology, Education and learning media, Education evaluation, Education Management, Education and learning innovation, Education for all levels, Formal education, Informal education, Education non-formal, Rural education, Urban education, Education and learning curriculum, Educators and students, Education and learning policies, Learning methods and strategies, Learning assessment, socio-cultural, etc. International Journal of Teaching and Learning (INJOTEL) is published Once a month in a year
publisher: Adisam Publisher
language: en
publication name: International Journal of Teaching and Learning
issn: 3025-8308
items: The Transformation from Sociopreneurship to Sufipreneurship: A Conceptual Framework for Spiritualizing the Entrepreneurial Sphere in Contemporary Islam
items: ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT AND BENEFITS OF TECHNOLOGY TRENDS IN GLOBAL ACCESSIBILITY AND CUSTOMIZED LEARNING
items: IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING FOR DEAF CHILDREN AT SMALB
items: EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD): A STEP TOWARDS A GENERATION THAT CARES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
items: THE PARENTING POCKETBOOK AS A MEANS OF STIMULATING CHILDREN'S EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE: A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADDIE MODEL
items: DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING MEDIA "SMART WINDOW" TO ENHANCE CHILDREN'S COGNITIVE ABILITIES
items: UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF LEARNING STYLE CATEGORIZATION ON SPOKEN ENGLISH PROFICIENCY: A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION AT SMAN 1 KEBOMAS, GRESIK
items: MODEL ASSESSMENT OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY BASED ON OBSERVATION OF CHILDREN AGED 5-6 YEARS: DEVELOPMENT STUDY
items: THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER AS A FACILITATOR IN THE LEARNING PROCESS: A REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
items: THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR IN DEVELOPING MULTISECTORAL EDUCATION: LITERATURE REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS
items: INTER-SECTOR COLLABORATION IN EDUCATION: ANALYSING OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS THROUGH A LITERATURE REVIEW
items: THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
items: TEACHERS’ AND STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
items: THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING PROGRAM BASED ON HABITS OF MIND IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-LEVEL THINKING SKILLS IN A SAMPLE OF GIFTED JORDANIAN STUDENTS IN PIONEER CENTERS
items: THE STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE IN USE GOOGLE FORM IN ENGLISH TEST AT SD KARTIKA 1-4 PEMATANGSIANTAR
items: CHARACTER EDUCATION IN THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM: LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION
items: INTEGRATED QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY IN A SECONDARY SCHOOL
items: TRANSPARENT AND ACCOUNTABLE SCHOOL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES AND PROCESSES
items: IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT IN ACHIEVING LEARNING OBJECTIVES
items: APPLICATION OF PIAGET'S THEORY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
items: COMMON GRAMMATICAL MISTAKE FOR ENGLISH’S STUDENTS OF TADRIS ENGLISH LANGUAGE
items: CHARACTER EDUCATION IN THE QUR'AN; PATIENCE, HONESTY AND RESPONSIBILITY
items: APPLICATION OF STEAM LEARNING METHODS TO INCREASE STUDENT CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION
items: THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUDIO VISUAL EFL MATERIAL FOR TEACHING TENSES, SYNONYMS AND ANTONYM IN 2NDARY SCHOOL
items: THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGIOUS DEVOTION AND MENTAL HEALTH OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITAS AHMAD DAHLAN
items: ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HAND HYGIENE EDUCATION IN HIGH SCHOOLS IN REDUCING THE INCIDENCE RATE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
items: INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) IN SCHOOLS: IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION
items: ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' ATTITUDES OF DISCIPLINE AND RESPONSIBILITY
items: FOSTERING CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS IN PROSPECTIVE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: DEVELOPING TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON THE PROJECT-ORIENTED TPACK APPROACH
items: UTILISATION OF VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) AND AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) IN EDUCATION: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW

The Transformation from Sociopreneurship to Sufipreneurship: A Conceptual Framework for Spiritualizing the Entrepreneurial Sphere in Contemporary Islam
type: item
description: This study aims to formulate and develop a new conceptual framework called sufipreneurship, as a response to the spiritual void within contemporary Islamic entrepreneurship models. By integrating a conceptual-philosophical approach and Sufi hermeneutics, sufipreneurship offers an entrepreneurial paradigm that incorporates core Sufi values—ikhlas (sincerity), zuhud (asceticism), tawakkul (trust in God), khidmah (service), and muraqabah (divine awareness)—into business practices that are spiritual, social, and ethical in nature. This concept not only expands the epistemology of Islamic entrepreneurship but also provides a normative critique of the secular capitalist model, which desacralizes the meaning of work and reduces it to mere profit maximization. The study employs a literature-based research method combined with data triangulation from classical and contemporary sources, along with field observations from Sufi communities (ṭarīqa). The findings suggest that sufipreneurship presents a relevant and practical alternative for addressing the ethical and spiritual crises within the Muslim business world. The implications of this research include the development of a Sufi-based entrepreneurship curriculum, policy recommendations for spiritually grounded Islamic economic empowerment programs, and strategic collaborations between religious institutions (ṭarīqa) and Islamic economic sectors. Hence, sufipreneurship offers a business framework that is maṣlaḥah-oriented, sustainable, and deeply rooted in Islamic spirituality. Keywords: Sufipreneurship, Sociopreneurship, Spiritual Entrepreneurship, Business Ethics, Contemporary Islam.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: The Transformation from Sociopreneurship to Sufipreneurship: A Conceptual Framework for Spiritualizing the Entrepreneurial Sphere in Contemporary Islam
  topic: keywords
subject: sociopreneurship
  topic: keywords
subject: islam
  topic: keywords
subject: transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Budi Rahman Hakim
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Budi Rahman Hakim https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-09-09
publication date: 2024-09-09

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT AND BENEFITS OF TECHNOLOGY TRENDS IN GLOBAL ACCESSIBILITY AND CUSTOMIZED LEARNING
type: item
description: In the digital era, technology plays a vital role in increasing global accessibility in various fields, especially in education. This study analyzes the influence of technological trends, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and virtual reality, in creating a more inclusive and accessible learning system for various groups. The results of the study show that technology is able to overcome geographical, economic, and social barriers in education, providing opportunities for individuals from various backgrounds to access learning materials more flexibly. In addition, technology also increases the effectiveness of learning by providing a more interactive and personalized experience according to user needs. Thus, the use of technology in learning not only expands access but also improves the quality of education globally.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Nur Latifah
creator: Baskoro Ajie
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Nur Latifah, Baskoro Ajie https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-26
publication date: 2025-02-26
starting page: 406
ending page: 418

IMPLEMENTATION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION LEARNING FOR DEAF CHILDREN AT SMALB
type: item
description: Based on Law No. 20 of 2003 concerning the National Education System, Article 5 paragraph 2 states that citizens who have physical and mental disabilities have the right to receive special education, in this case deaf children. Islamic Religious Education is one of the religious subjects given in every formal education unit, one of which is in special high schools. This study aims to determine: 1) Islamic Religious Education learning planning at Kandaga Bina Bangsa Special High School, 2) Islamic Religious Education learning strategies at Kandaga Bina Bangsa Special High School, 3) Evaluation of Islamic Religious Education learning at Kandaga Bina Bangsa Special High School. The study used a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. The subjects of this study were 12 deaf students at Kandaga Bina Bangsa Special High School. Data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of the study showed that 1) Islamic Religious Education learning planning at Kandaga Bina Bangsa Special High School is the same as schools in general, except that its preparation is adjusted to the conditions of the students, 2) The learning strategy uses an expository learning strategy with an individual learning method, Islamic Religious Education lesson time is given for 2 hours in one week, the media used is adjusted to the material, 3) Evaluation activities use types of tests, such as daily assessment results, mid-semester assessments, and end-of-semester assessment results.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Learning, Islamic Religious Education, Deaf Children
  topic: keywords
creator: Ririn Ratna Winangsih
creator: Rifa Nurfalah
creator: Abdul Jamil
creator: Afif Nurseha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ririn Ratna Winangsih, Rifa Nurfalah, Abdul Jamil, Afif Nurseha https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-13
publication date: 2025-02-13
starting page: 399
ending page: 405

EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (ESD): A STEP TOWARDS A GENERATION THAT CARES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
type: item
description: This research aims to analyze the implementation of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) in MTs NU in creating a generation that cares for the environment, in accordance with the vision of MTs NU which is Islamic, Professional, Superior, Trusted, and Environmentally Insightful. A descriptive qualitative approach is used by collecting data through interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that MTs NU has successfully integrated sustainability values in the curriculum and environmental programs, such as Zero Waste, waste management, composting, nurseries and eco-brick making. These programs significantly increase students' environmental awareness as well as their active involvement in maintaining cleanliness and practicing sustainability. These findings affirm the importance of synergy between Islamic education and environmental sustainability in producing a morally, socially, and environmentally responsible generation. The results of this study can be a model for other educational institutions that want to implement ESD effectively.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Education for Sustainable Development (ESD)
  topic: keywords
subject: Zero Waste
  topic: keywords
subject: Waste Management
  topic: keywords
subject: The Environment
  topic: keywords
creator: Ihsan Zikri Ulfiandi
creator: Faqihul Hikam Mohammad
creator: Iffah Maulana Putri Hanum Soumena
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ihsan Zikri Ulfiandi, Faqihul Hikam Mohammad, Iffah Maulana Putri Hanum Soumena https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-10
publication date: 2025-02-10
starting page: 390
ending page: 398

THE PARENTING POCKETBOOK AS A MEANS OF STIMULATING CHILDREN'S EXPRESSIVE LANGUAGE: A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADDIE MODEL
type: item
description: This research aims to develop a parenting pocket book media to enhance the expressive language skills of children aged 5-6 years at TKN Pasar Rebo 04. The research method used is research and development (R&D) with a qualitative and quantitative (mixed methods) approach based on the ADDIE development model. The process of developing this parenting pocket book involves several stages, starting from needs analysis, design, prototype creation, to limited trials. Data is collected through observations and interviews conducted with teachers, parents, and children at TKN Pasar Rebo 04. The research results indicate that the parenting pocket book media is proven to be suitable for use based on the validation results from experts, with an average total validation score of 78.63% (suitable category). The aspect of language suitability for children received the highest score with an average of 81.00% (very suitable), followed by the suitability aspect for practitioners at 80.00% (suitable), media suitability at 78.00% (suitable), and the suitability of early childhood education materials at 75.50% (suitable). Overall, the evaluation results indicate that this parenting pocketbook is very effective in providing clear and easy-to-follow guidance for parents to enhance their children's expressive language skills
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Learning Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Pocket Books
  topic: keywords
subject: Parenting
  topic: keywords
subject: Expressive Language
  topic: keywords
subject: Early Childhood Education.
  topic: keywords
creator: Yeni Heryani
creator: Erna Budiarti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Yeni Heryani, Erna Budiarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-05
publication date: 2025-02-05
starting page: 371~389
ending page: 371~389

DEVELOPMENT OF LEARNING MEDIA "SMART WINDOW" TO ENHANCE CHILDREN'S COGNITIVE ABILITIES
type: item
description: This research aims to develop smart window media to enhance the cognitive abilities of children in group B at RA Baitul Maal. The research method used is research and development (R&D) with a qualitative and quantitative (mixed methods) approach based on the ADDIE development model. Data is collected through observations and interviews conducted with teachers and children at RA Baitul Maal. The research findings indicate that this smart window media is designed to meet the needs of early childhood by integrating engaging, safe, and developmentally appropriate visual and manipulative elements. The feasibility of the "Smart Window" media: Based on expert validation, this media is deemed feasible with a total score of 83.59, which falls into the "Very High" category. This media meets the criteria of usability, design, and aesthetics, and is capable of fostering children's curiosity and motivation to learn. Children's Cognitive Abilities After Intervention: Post-test results show a significant improvement in children's cognitive abilities. All children experienced an improvement in developmental category from "Not Developing" or "Still Developing" to "Developing as Expected" or "Developing Very Well." The average score increase of 45.03 percent indicates the effectiveness of this media in supporting children's cognitive development.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Learning Media
  topic: keywords
subject: Smart Window
  topic: keywords
subject: Children's Cognitive Abilities
  topic: keywords
creator: Entri Mardiyanti
creator: Erna Budiarti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Entri Mardiyanti, Erna Budiarti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-05
publication date: 2025-02-05
starting page: 351~370
ending page: 351~370

UNDERSTANDING THE INFLUENCE OF LEARNING STYLE CATEGORIZATION ON SPOKEN ENGLISH PROFICIENCY: A QUALITATIVE EXPLORATION AT SMAN 1 KEBOMAS, GRESIK
type: item
description: At SMAN 1 Kebomas, this study examines the connection between spoken English competency and learning approaches, It aims to: explore how individual learning styles relate to spoken English proficiency through qualitative methods like interviews and observations and investigate students'' personal experiences and perceptions of how their learning style impactstheir ability to express themselves in English through interviews and discussions. Embarking on a comprehensive journey, this study aims to elucidate intricate relationship between individual learning style categorizations , spoken English proficiency among students at SMAN 1 Kebomas The researcher . utilize several instruments get the data. The small group interviews and observation and survey are the research instruments will be employed in this study : Small Group Interview & Observation. results conclusion practising speaking abilities through active usage of English is beneficial, particularly for individuals with a kinesthetic style. research findings at SMAN 1 Kebomas confirm Triananda, (2022) by demonstrating kinesthetic students may enhance their speaking skills through active practice techniques. . Observe and mimic language usage in movies and plays. Gain exposure to genuine spoken English through listening exercises This research found that auditory and kinesthetic learning significantly impact students'' spoken English at SMAN 1 Kebomas Gresik. Auditory benefit from listening-based activities like podcasts and discussions, while kinesthetic learners thrive with hands-on activities like role-playing and simulations. Both styles benefit from audio input, but kinesthetic learners require physical engagement to solidify their learning. Teachers are able to create more interesting and successful learning experiences by taking these learning types into consideration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Learning style
  topic: keywords
subject: Spoken English Proficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Investigated
  topic: keywords
creator: Belintang Yugus N.P
creator: Nirwanto Ma’ruf
creator: Paulina
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Belintang Yugus N.P, Nirwanto Ma’ruf, Paulina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-03
publication date: 2025-02-03
starting page: 327
ending page: 350

MODEL ASSESSMENT OF SCIENTIFIC LITERACY BASED ON OBSERVATION OF CHILDREN AGED 5-6 YEARS: DEVELOPMENT STUDY
type: item
description: This research aims to determine the development of an observation-based science literacy assessment model for early childhood in Padang Panjang Village, to assess the feasibility of the observation-based science literacy assessment model for early childhood in Padang Panjang Village as valid and reliable, and to evaluate the science literacy skills of children before and after using the observation-based science literacy assessment model. This research is conducted in all kindergartens in Padang Panjang Village, Tanta District, Tabalong Regency, South Kalimantan Province. This research is a type of research and development. The research and development model applied is the 4D (Four-D) development model, which includes the stages of definition research, design, and development. The research results indicate that 1) the initial stage of the study reveals a substantial gap in the practice of science literacy assessment at the early childhood education level. As many as 70% of teachers acknowledge that they do not possess systematic assessment instruments, indicating methodological weaknesses in measuring children's science abilities. 2) the feasibility of the assessment model instruments: These assessment instruments are deemed suitable for use, with a very high validity level (86.02%) and strong reliability (average ICC value of 0.84).
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Assessment Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Science Literacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Observation
  topic: keywords
subject: Experiment, Cognitive, Early Childhood
  topic: keywords
creator: Rivo Panji Yudha
creator: Siti Aisyah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rivo Panji Yudha, Siti Aisyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-02
publication date: 2025-02-02
starting page: 250
ending page: 272

THE ROLE OF THE TEACHER AS A FACILITATOR IN THE LEARNING PROCESS: A REVIEW OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY
type: item
description: This research examines the role of the teacher as a facilitator in the learning process from the perspective of educational psychology. This role reflects a shift from traditional teaching methods towards a more interactive and student-centred approach, in line with constructivism theory which emphasises the importance of active learning and students' personal experiences. In addition, the social and collaborative aspects of learning are recognised through the creation of a learning environment that supports interaction and cooperation between students, in line with social constructivism theory. Finally, the teacher as facilitator also plays an important role in providing emotional support and constructive feedback, which contributes to students' emotional well-being and the improvement of the learning process. Thus, teachers‘ adoption of the facilitator role can enhance learning effectiveness and develop students’ skills and attitudes that are essential for their future success.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Teacher's Role
  topic: keywords
subject: Facilitator
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning Process
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Psychology
  topic: keywords
creator: Didik Cahyono
creator: Rusiadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Didik Cahyono, Rusiadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-01
publication date: 2025-02-01
starting page: 205
ending page: 212

THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT AND PRIVATE SECTOR IN DEVELOPING MULTISECTORAL EDUCATION: LITERATURE REVIEW AND RECOMMENDATIONS
type: item
description: This research aims to explore the collaborative role between the government and the private sector in developing multisectoral education. Through a comprehensive literature analysis, this article identifies how both parties can complement each other in providing education that is more responsive, inclusive and relevant to global dynamics. The government acts as a policy setter and basic infrastructure provider, while the private sector introduces innovation and flexibility and ensures linkages between the education curriculum and labour market needs. The results show that effective communication and a clear partnership framework are essential to align the objectives of both parties. In addition, the development of continuous evaluation and feedback mechanisms is necessary to monitor and improve the quality of co-operation. With the implementation of these strategies, collaboration between the government and the private sector has great potential to create an adaptive, comprehensive and sustainable education system, capable of facing future challenges and opportunities.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Role of Government
  topic: keywords
subject: Private Sector
  topic: keywords
subject: Developing Multisectoral Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Loso Judijanto
creator: Rinovian Rais
creator: Tanwir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Loso Judijanto, Rinovian Rais, Tanwir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-01
publication date: 2025-02-01
starting page: 196
ending page: 204

INTER-SECTOR COLLABORATION IN EDUCATION: ANALYSING OPPORTUNITIES AND BARRIERS THROUGH A LITERATURE REVIEW
type: item
description: This research explores the opportunities and barriers to intersectoral collaboration in education through a literature review. Collaboration between the education, business and government sectors was identified as providing a number of benefits, including increased resources, innovation in teaching methods and relevance of education programmes to labour market needs. However, there are various barriers that need to be overcome in order to achieve optimal results. These include differences in objectives between sectors, bureaucratic constraints, funding issues, ineffective communication and differences in organisational culture. This study emphasises the importance of commitment, open communication and flexible framework design to overcome these challenges and maximise the potential of intersectoral collaboration in education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Collaboration
  topic: keywords
subject: Sectors in Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Opportunities
  topic: keywords
subject: Barriers
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Haq AS
creator: Loso Judijanto
creator: Darma Jasuli
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Abdul Haq AS, Loso Judijanto, Darma Jasuli https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-01
publication date: 2025-02-01
starting page: 188
ending page: 195

THE ROLE OF TEACHERS IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION FOR STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES: A LITERATURE REVIEW
type: item
description: This article examines the crucial role of teachers in improving the quality of education for students with disabilities. The main focus is on the methods applied by teachers to create learning environments that are inclusive and responsive to students' individual needs. The study identifies that teachers' expertise in designing adaptive learning strategies, as well as the use of assistive technology, are key factors in facilitating effective learning. In addition, the study highlights the importance of collaboration between teachers, families and other professionals to build a comprehensive and sustainable education plan. Thus, the proactive role of teachers contributes not only to the academic development but also to the social and emotional progress of students with disabilities, enabling them to reach their full potential in a supportive and inclusive environment.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Teacher's role
  topic: keywords
subject: quality of education
  topic: keywords
subject: students with disabilities
  topic: keywords
creator: Syafwatul Putria Hidayatullah
creator: Mujahiddin
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Syafwatul Putria Hidayatullah, Mujahiddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-01
publication date: 2025-02-01
starting page: 180
ending page: 187

TEACHERS’ AND STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARD THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT-BASED LEARNING
type: item
description: Project-based learning (PBL) has been around for decades and in Indonesia, this learning model has been prominently used since the COVID-19 pandemic in an effort to address potential learning loss through the curriculum known as the Emergency Curriculum. This study aims to discuss the main benefits and challenges students face and the changes that could be made to improve the overall potential of PBL. In this research, descriptive qualitative design was used to provide a comprehensive outlook on respondents’ views on PBL implementation in class. This research used heterogeneous purposive sampling methods when selecting respondents and involved thirty students and ten experienced teachers. The results suggest that PBL provides an immersive and more hands-on learning experience and it is believed that it is crucial in helping students improve their understanding of a subject matter and develop critical skills. Respondents also identify some key challenges that they still face in class including unequal student participation in groups, lack of clear communication, and differences of opinion. For a better implementation of PBL in class, respondents believe that a few things need to be done, including better grouping practices, providing clear instructions, and providing constructive feedback and progress monitoring during a project.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Project-based learning
  topic: keywords
subject: group dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: skills
  topic: keywords
subject: real-world scenarios
  topic: keywords
creator: Mesakh Tamu Ama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mesakh Tamu Ama https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-02
publication date: 2025-02-02
starting page: 273
ending page: 286

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING PROGRAM BASED ON HABITS OF MIND IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGH-LEVEL THINKING SKILLS IN A SAMPLE OF GIFTED JORDANIAN STUDENTS IN PIONEER CENTERS
type: item
description: This study aimed at showing the effectiveness of a training program based on habits of mind in the development of high – level thinking for a sample of gifted Jordanian students at the pioneering centers. The sample consisted of (63) male and female students of pioneering centers at the governorates of Amman and Balka’; who were divided into two groups, one is a pilot of (32) student, and the other is a controlling one of (31) students. For the purpose of collecting data, the researcher employed several instruments, such as: critical thinking test and creative thinking test designed by the researcher, in addition to the prepared program based on the mind’s habits. The following statistical analyses were conducted: Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA); means and standard deviations. The results showed that the training program had an impact on the high level thinking of the gifted upper basic stage, but there is no impact on the high level thinking attributed to sex. In the light of the findings, the researcher recommended that the gifted students’ syllabuses should include special units to be taught by using the program based on the habits of mind in learning so as to help students to use this strategy in learning all subjects.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Project-based learning
  topic: keywords
subject: group dynamics
  topic: keywords
subject: skills
  topic: keywords
subject: real-world scenarios
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching and learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Khalid Sa'eed Alghamdi
creator: Jehad Ata Droobi Alslehat
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Khalid Sa'eed Alghamdi, Jehad Ata Droobi Alslehat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-03
publication date: 2025-02-03
starting page: 287
ending page: 326

THE STUDENTS PERSPECTIVE IN USE GOOGLE FORM IN ENGLISH TEST AT SD KARTIKA 1-4 PEMATANGSIANTAR
type: item
description: This study looks into students' thoughts on the use of Google Forms as a learning assessment tool in English language assessments. The research employed a quantitative methodology using questionnaires to gather data from fifth-grade students at SD KARTIKA 1-4 Pematangsiantar. The study focused on three key aspects of Google Forms: attractiveness, accessibility, and effectiveness. Due to the data, students generally found Google Forms attractive, with most of them like the platform's display. . However, accessibility posed challenges, with students reporting difficulties operating Google Forms, experiencing interruptions due to slow internet connections, and expressing concerns about the potential for cheating. Regarding effectiveness, students found Google Forms facilitated understanding of English test questions and preferred it over traditional paper-based tests. They also felt more confident answering questions using Google Forms. However, the immediate feedback provided by Google Forms caused anxiety for some students. . The study concludes that while Google Forms offers advantages in terms of convenience and accessibility, Challenges connected to internet access, technological concerns, and the possibility for cheating must be overcome to ensure its successful and equitable use in educational contexts. The findings highlight the importance of considering students' perspectives when integrating digital assessment tools into the learning process and underscore the need for ongoing efforts to improve the accessibility and reliability of such technologies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dumaris E. Silalahi
creator: Tio Lestari Simanjuntak
creator: Lusia Pebriyani Silaban
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Dumaris Elseria Silalahi, Tio Lestari Simanjuntak, Lusia Pebriyani Silaban https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-02-10
publication date: 2025-02-10
starting page: 167
ending page: 179

CHARACTER EDUCATION IN THE NATIONAL CURRICULUM: LITERATURE ANALYSIS AND IMPLEMENTATION
type: item
description: Character education is an important aspect of the national curriculum that aims to shape young people who not only excel academically, but also have strong moral and ethical values. This study analyses various literatures as well as the implementation of character education in schools, identifying the challenges and opportunities that exist. The results of the analysis show that although character education has the support of government policy, its implementation still faces various obstacles such as a lack of understanding and competence of teachers, limited facilities and infrastructure, and a less conducive educational environment. However, opportunities to optimise character education remain large through the use of educational technology, supportive policies, and cooperation with various stakeholders. In conclusion, with commitment and good cooperation, character education can be implemented effectively so as to contribute to the formation of a generation with strong and positive character.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Character Education
  topic: keywords
subject: National Curriculum
  topic: keywords
subject: Literature Analysis and Implementation
  topic: keywords
creator: Amaludin Bahansubu
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Amaludin Bahansubu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-29
publication date: 2025-01-29
starting page: 160
ending page: 166

INTEGRATED QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN EDUCATION: A CASE STUDY IN A SECONDARY SCHOOL
type: item
description: This research examines the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) in Secondary Schools as an effort to improve the quality of education. The purpose of this study is to understand how TQM strategies are applied in the educational context and identify their impact on various aspects of school operations. The research method used was literature review. The results show that the implementation of TQM in secondary schools creates a consistent and systematic mechanism in planning, implementing and evaluating the education process. It also increases the participation and involvement of all stakeholders and strengthens collaboration between teachers, students, parents and other school staff. In addition, TQM promotes a culture of continuous improvement and operational efficiency, which overall contributes to improved education quality and student learning satisfaction. The conclusion of this study confirms that TQM is an effective approach in improving the quality of education in secondary schools. With TQM in place, schools can achieve higher quality standards, create a more conducive learning environment and meet students' needs more effectively.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Integrated Quality in Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Secondary School
  topic: keywords
creator: Al-Amin
creator: Farida Asy'ari
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Al-Amin, Farida Asy'ari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-29
publication date: 2025-01-29
starting page: 152
ending page: 159

TRANSPARENT AND ACCOUNTABLE SCHOOL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES AND PROCESSES
type: item
description: Transparent and accountable school financial management is an important aspect in ensuring the sustainability and credibility of educational institutions. Transparency enables effective oversight and reduces the risk of misappropriation of funds, while accountability ensures that any funds utilised can be accounted for to all stakeholders. However, significant challenges are often faced, including limited skilled human resources, differences in standards and regulations between different levels of government, and limitations in technology and infrastructure. Overcoming these challenges requires improving the capacity of human resources through regular training and appropriate application of information technology, as well as strong collaboration between schools, government and communities. Thus, more open and accountable financial management can be achieved, supporting sustainable educational progress.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Management
  topic: keywords
subject: School Finance
  topic: keywords
subject: Transparent and Accountable.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dwi Koerniawati
creator: Al-Amin
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Dwi Koerniawati, Al-Amin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-28
publication date: 2025-01-28
starting page: 144
ending page: 151

IMPLEMENTATION OF EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT IN ACHIEVING LEARNING OBJECTIVES
type: item
description: This research explores the importance of effective classroom management implementation in achieving learning objectives. Good classroom management is a fundamental factor in creating a conducive learning environment, reducing behavioural disruptions and increasing student engagement. This study highlights various strategies that teachers can use to manage the classroom more effectively, including the physical organisation of the classroom, the application of positive discipline, as well as differentiation of learning to accommodate the various needs of students. The results show that effective classroom management not only contributes to improving students' academic achievement, but also in the development of important life skills such as responsibility and self-discipline. Thus, the implementation of well-planned and thoughtful classroom management is key in supporting a more efficient learning process and the achievement of optimal educational goals.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Implementation
  topic: keywords
subject: Effective Classroom Management
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning Objectives
  topic: keywords
creator: Muhammad Habibie
creator: Farida Asy'ari
creator: Caroline Caroline
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Muhammad Habibie, Farida Asy'ari, Caroline Caroline https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-28
publication date: 2025-01-28
starting page: 135
ending page: 143

APPLICATION OF PIAGET'S THEORY IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
type: item
description: The application of Jean Piaget's cognitive development theory in early childhood education curriculum development plays an important role in creating learning programmes that are appropriate to children's developmental stages. Piaget's theory, which identifies sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational and formal operational stages, offers guidance for educators to design appropriate educational activities that support children in each stage of development. Learning through direct experience and play activities, in accordance with Piaget's principles, allows children to learn through interaction with their environment, reinforcing understanding and skills naturally. This approach not only makes the learning process more interesting and relevant for children, but also ensures that the concepts taught are appropriate for their cognitive abilities. The implementation of Piaget's theory in the curriculum also emphasises the early development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are important for intellectual development and readiness to face future challenges. Thus, Piaget's theory contributes significantly to shaping a curriculum that is adaptive, child-centred and effective in supporting children's holistic development early in their educational journey.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Application
  topic: keywords
subject: Piaget's Theory
  topic: keywords
subject: Curriculum Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Early Childhood Education.
  topic: keywords
creator: Aslan Aslan
creator: Hudson Sidabutar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Aslan Aslan, Hudson Sidabutar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-28
publication date: 2025-01-28
starting page: 126
ending page: 134

COMMON GRAMMATICAL MISTAKE FOR ENGLISH’S STUDENTS OF TADRIS ENGLISH LANGUAGE
type: item
description: This paper is aimed to investigate the common grammatical mistake and describe the findings descriptively as possible. This research used descriptive qualitative as a research design. The instruments used were observation and interview. The interview is used unstructured interview to get free question and answer about the topic. Interview and observation did in two classes of third and five semesters by joining the activities in the classroom. Most of the students in the classroom are eight students in third semesters and eight students in five semesters. The total number of the students are 18 students. Ten students are female and six students are male. The data was gained from the lecture of writing. In analyzing the data, the researcher used snowballing technique. It means the first data became alternative finding until the researcher found the final findings. The final finding is drawn descriptively. The finding of this research is only three students good grammar from 18 students. It was concluded that the English students in third and five semesnter of Tadris English language still get common mistake in grammar.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Nur Azizah
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Nur Azizah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-21
publication date: 2025-01-21
starting page: 119
ending page: 125

CHARACTER EDUCATION IN THE QUR'AN; PATIENCE, HONESTY AND RESPONSIBILITY
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze character education in the Qur'an; patience, honesty and responsibility. This study uses a method with a qualitative approach. Observing the condition of the Indonesian nation which is on the verge of moral decay and quite threatening the continuity of national and state life, has encouraged the government to take the initiative to prioritize character development. National character development through character education is used as the main stream of national development. The results of this study can be concluded that character education based on the values ​​of the Qur'an such as patience, honesty, and responsibility is very important to form individuals with noble morals. By applying these values ​​in everyday life, it is hoped that the younger generation can grow into good individuals, useful for themselves, their families, and society.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Nana Mulyana
creator: Aceng Nurul Huda
creator: Achmad Saefurridjal
creator: Iskandar Mirza
creator: Ajat Saputra
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Nana Mulyana, Aceng Nurul Huda, Achmad Saefurridjal, Iskandar Mirza, Ajat Saputra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-14
publication date: 2025-01-14
starting page: 109
ending page: 118

APPLICATION OF STEAM LEARNING METHODS TO INCREASE STUDENT CREATIVITY AND INNOVATION
type: item
description: This research aims to explore the application of the STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) learning method and its impact on increasing student creativity and innovation. The literature review method was used to collect and analyze various previous studies that examined the effectiveness of the STEAM approach in education. The findings show that the STEAM method makes a significant contribution to the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and collaborative skills. In addition, the integration of arts in STEM learning encourages students to think more creatively, generate innovative ideas, and face challenges more flexibly. This conclusion confirms that the application of the STEAM method not only enriches students' learning experiences but also prepares them to become innovative and adaptive individuals in the future. The implications of this research suggest that educational systems should adopt STEAM methods more widely to maximize students' creative and innovative potential.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: STEAM Learning Method, Creativity, Student Innovation
  topic: keywords
creator: Opan Arifudin
creator: Sepriadi Bumbungan
creator: Ika Kartika
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Opan Arifudin, Sepriadi Bumbungan, Ika Kartika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-09
publication date: 2025-01-09
starting page: 97
ending page: 108

THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUDIO VISUAL EFL MATERIAL FOR TEACHING TENSES, SYNONYMS AND ANTONYM IN 2NDARY SCHOOL
type: item
description: Teaching English as a Foreign Language (EFL) at the secondary school level faces various challenges, including low student motivation and difficulties in understanding abstract concepts such as tenses, synonyms, and antonyms. This study aims to develop interactive audio-visual learning media to improve students' comprehension and motivation in learning. The research employs the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) to systematically design media that integrates elements such as animations, simulations, and interactive quizzes. The results of this study demonstrate that interactive audio-visual media significantly enhance student engagement. This method is particularly effective for teaching tenses, synonyms, and antonyms.. Based on a thorough literature review, the use of such media significantly enhances learning outcomes and increases student involvement in the learning process. The incorporation of multimedia learning theories, such as Mayer’s Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning and Constructivist Theory, ensures that the media developed addresses the complex and abstract nature of EFL topics, fostering deeper and more practical understanding for secondary school students. This research reaffirms the relevance and effectiveness of audio-visual media in supporting EFL learning success, providing innovative methods to overcome challenges in teaching abstract concepts to students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Najwa Rizki Amalia
creator: Syarifah Soraya
creator: Ciraenda Caenovea
creator: Muhammad Alief Raihan Ramadhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Najwa Rizki Amalia, Syarifah Soraya, Ciraenda Caenovea, Muhammad Alief Raihan Ramadhan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2025-01-06
publication date: 2025-01-06
starting page: 88
ending page: 96

THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGIOUS DEVOTION AND MENTAL HEALTH OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITAS AHMAD DAHLAN
type: item
description: Students often forget their duties as servants, which has the potential to negatively impact their behavior patterns and trigger a lifestyle that disrupts mental health, whereas mental health arises from a personality capable of balancing the dimensions of life. This study aims to measure the extent of the influence of religious observance on the mental health of UAD students.The population of this study is PAI students at UAD. The data collection technique used was random sampling. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is simple regression analysis. This study shows a significant influence of religious observance on mental health, with regression results indicating a significance value of 0.00.Furthermore, the percentage of the influence of religious observance on mental health, obtained as an R Square value of 0.531, can be interpreted as religious observance contributing 53.1%. It also shows a correlation value of 0.728, indicating a strong relationship between religious adherence and mental health.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Rika Andriana
creator: Nia Syam Nuri
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Rika Andriana, Nia Syam Nuri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-26
publication date: 2024-12-26
starting page: 46~61
ending page: 46~61

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF HAND HYGIENE EDUCATION IN HIGH SCHOOLS IN REDUCING THE INCIDENCE RATE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
type: item
description: This study aims to analyze the implementation of hand hygiene education in senior secondary schools (SMA) and its impact on reducing the incidence of infectious diseases among students. Through a literature review method, this research collects and analyzes data from various sources that describes hand hygiene education programs and their effectiveness in the context of high schools. The results of the analysis show that a hand hygiene education program implemented systematically and continuously is able to increase awareness and hand hygiene behavior among students. This program has also been proven to significantly reduce the incidence of infectious diseases, such as influenza, diarrhea and respiratory tract infections. This research highlights the importance of support from schools, educators, and families in maximizing the effectiveness of hand hygiene education programs. Apart from that, this research also emphasizes the need for adequate tools and facilities, such as soap and clean water, as well as providing consistent and precise information regarding the importance of hand hygiene. The conclusion of this research shows that implementing good hand hygiene education can be an effective strategy in reducing the incidence of infectious diseases in high schools. This research recommends that schools implement a comprehensive and sustainable approach to instilling good hand hygiene behavior among students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hand Hygiene Education, High School, Infectious Diseases
  topic: keywords
creator: Tjhia Khie Khiong
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Tjhia Khie Khiong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-24
publication date: 2024-12-24
starting page: 34~45
ending page: 34~45

INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) IN SCHOOLS: IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY OF EDUCATION
type: item
description: The implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) in the school environment promises a significant transformation in improving the efficiency and quality of education. IoT technology enables the creation of a more interactive and personalised teaching-learning process, providing an educational experience that is better suited to the needs of individual students. In addition, IoT helps teachers monitor student progress in real-time, enabling more effective intervention and assistance. In terms of school management, IoT makes it easier to automate various operational tasks such as inventory control, energy management, and facilities maintenance, all of which contribute to cost savings and improved learning environments. However, successful implementation of IoT requires adequate technological infrastructure as well as special attention to privacy and data security issues. Therefore, cooperation between various stakeholders is necessary to overcome these challenges and maximise the potential of IoT in education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Alim Hardiansyah
creator: Rita Hayati
creator: Sufia Widi Kasetyaningsih
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Alim Hardiansyah, Rita Hayati, Sufia Widi Kasetyaningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-22
publication date: 2024-12-22
starting page: 26
ending page: 33

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHARACTER EDUCATION PROGRAMS IN IMPROVING STUDENTS' ATTITUDES OF DISCIPLINE AND RESPONSIBILITY
type: item
description: This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of character education programs in improving students' attitudes of discipline and responsibility through a review of various related literature. The research method used is a literature review, by collecting and analyzing data from various previous studies related to the implementation of character education programs in schools. The results of the study show that the character education program has a significant positive effect on the formation of students' attitudes of discipline and responsibility. Students involved in this program tend to show an increase in compliance with school regulations, punctuality in submitting assignments, and concern for their duties and responsibilities. This research concludes that the character education program is effective as a strategic tool for forming disciplined and responsible behavior, which ultimately contributes to the formation of a generation with strong character and high morals. Recommendations for further research are to focus on developing practical learning methods and more interactive guidance to further maximize the results of character education programs.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Character Education, Discipline, Responsibility, Program Effectiveness
  topic: keywords
creator: Seno Lamsir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Seno Lamsir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-18
publication date: 2024-12-18
starting page: 15
ending page: 25

FOSTERING CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS IN PROSPECTIVE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS: DEVELOPING TEACHING MATERIALS BASED ON THE PROJECT-ORIENTED TPACK APPROACH
type: item
description: The results of the preliminary study show that the creative thinking skills of prospective elementary school teacher students are relatively low, especially in designing technology-based learning that is to the needs of the 21st century. Therefore, this study aims to develop project-oriented TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge)-based teaching materials to improve the creative thinking skills of elementary school teacher education students. This study used a research and development (R&D) method adapted from Borg & Gall. The subjects of the study consisted of 128 elementary school teacher education students involved in learning planning for elementary schools. The study results show that project-oriented TPACK-based teaching materials are valid, practical, and effective. Experts have confirmed that the teaching materials are valid in construction and content. In addition, observations of increasing student activity at each meeting indicate that the teaching materials are applied practically in learning planning. The students' creative thinking skills test results show that these teaching materials effectively improve the creative thinking skills of prospective teachers. This study implies that using the proper method can improve students' creative thinking skills to design various alternative solutions to problem-solving in learning. This study suggests further developing project-oriented TPACK-based teaching materials for elementary school students.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Creative thinking skills
  topic: keywords
subject: TPACK framework
  topic: keywords
subject: Project-oriented learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Wiryanto
creator: Ali Fakhrudin
creator: Heru Subrata
creator: Suprayitno
creator: Helda Kusuma Wardani
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Wiryanto Wiryanto, Ali Fakhrudin, Heru Subrata, Suprayitno Suprayitno, Helda Kusuma Wardani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-18
publication date: 2024-12-18
starting page: 1
ending page: 14

UTILISATION OF VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) AND AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) IN EDUCATION: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
type: item
description: This research explores the utilisation of Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies in education through a comprehensive review. VR and AR technologies offer innovative ways to create immersive and interactive learning experiences, enabling students to better understand complex concepts. The study identifies key benefits of VR and AR in education, including increased student engagement and motivation, as well as the provision of practical, real-life learning environments that are difficult to achieve with traditional methods. However, the study also highlights significant challenges that need to be overcome, such as high costs, technical infrastructure needs, and specialised training requirements for educators. Thus, the conclusions of this study emphasise the importance of careful planning and proper support to maximise the potential of VR and AR as transformational tools in education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Didi Sudrajat
creator: Fitria Meisarah
creator: Elia Nuriani
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Didi Sudrajat, Fitria Meisarah, Elia Nuriani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
date: 2024-12-17
publication date: 2024-12-17
starting page: 3399~3407
ending page: 3399~3407